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BMS System कसे Design करावे?

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Architect चा नियम

एक घर ते draw करण्यापूर्वी कधीही बांधले जात नाही. प्रत्येक wall, प्रत्येक door, प्रत्येक pipe आधी paper वर असतो. paper वर चूक झाल्यास काहीही cost लागत नाही. concrete मध्ये चूक झाल्यास सर्व काही cost लागते.

BMS design त्याच प्रकारे काम करते.

8 Steps:

Step 1 — UNDERSTAND THE BUILDING
  Type: office / hospital / mall / pharma / hotel / data centre
  Size: floors, gross area per floor
  Systems: HVAC only? Or HVAC + lighting + energy + security?
  Standard: ASHRAE? LEED? 21 CFR Part 11? Local codes?

Step 2 — SURVEY AND LIST ALL EQUIPMENT
प्रत्येक floor वर MEP drawings सह फिरा
प्रत्येक AHU, FCU, exhaust fan, chiller ची संख्या मोजा
major equipment चे make आणि model नोंदवा
integration आवश्यक असलेल्या third-party systems ओळखा
येथे एक equipment missing = wiring missing = commissioning problem

Step 3 — POINTS SCHEDULE (IO LIST)
प्रत्येक equipment साठी — काय monitor आणि control करायचे ते ठरवा
AHU-01: 10 points
FCU-01: 3–4 points
Large building: 500–2000+ BMS points total

Step 4 — CONTROLLER SELECTION AND DISTRIBUTION
जवळच्या equipment ला एका controller मध्ये group करा
Floor 3 AHU + 12 FCUs on Floor 3 = one controller panel
point count वर आधारित controller size निवडा

Step 5 — NETWORK DESIGN
BACnet IP backbone or MS/TP or combination
IP addressing plan for all controllers
Network redundancy for critical buildings

Step 6 — PANEL DESIGN
Controller, terminal blocks, power supply, surge protection
Panel location: ते ज्या equipment ला serve करते त्याच्या जवळ

Step 7 — SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS
प्रत्येक system साठी — control logic plain English मध्ये लिहा
AHU, FCU, chiller, exhaust fans, energy metering
हा document programmer ला दिला जातो
Programmer converts to FBD

Step 8 — DESIGN REVIEW AND APPROVAL
client, MEP contractor, electrical contractor, IT team ला issue करा
procurement करण्यापूर्वी written approval मिळवा
approval नंतरचे changes = cost आणि delay

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